Associations of dairy product consumption with mortality in the European
Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)–Italy
cohort. Valeria Pala et al. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition,
nqz183, August 21 2019, https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/nqz183
ABSTRACT
Background:The relation of dairy product consumption to health and mortality is controversial.
Objectives:
We investigated associations of consumption of various dairy products
with mortality in the Italian cohort of the European Prospective
Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)–Italy study.
Methods:
Dairy product consumption was assessed by validated semiquantitative
FFQs. Multivariable Cox models stratified by center, age, and sex and
adjusted for confounders estimated associations of milk (total, full
fat, and reduced fat), yogurt, cheese, butter, and dairy calcium
consumption with mortality for cancer, cardiovascular disease, and all
causes. Nonlinearity was tested by restricted cubic spline regression.
Results:
After a median follow-up of 14.9 y, 2468 deaths were identified in
45,009 participants: 59% from cancer and 19% from cardiovascular
disease. No significant association of consumption of any dairy product
with mortality was found in the fully adjusted models. A 25% reduction
in risk of all-cause mortality was found for milk intake from 160 to 120
g/d (HR: 0.75; 95% CI: 0.61, 0.91) but not for the highest (>200
g/d) category of intake (HR: 0.95; 95% CI: 0.84, 1.08) compared with
nonconsumption. Associations of full-fat and reduced-fat milk
consumption with all-cause and cause-specific mortality were similar to
those for milk as a whole.
Conclusions: In this Italian cohort
characterized by low to average milk consumption, we found no evidence
of a dose–response association between milk consumption and mortality
and also no association of consumption of other dairy products
investigated with mortality.
Keywords: dairy product consumption, mortality, EPIC-Italy, cancer, cardiovascular disease
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