Gender
differences in the behavioral and subjective effects of methamphetamine
in healthy humans. Leah M. Mayo et al. Psychopharmacology, August 2019,
Volume 236, Issue 8, pp 2413–2423.
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00213-019-05276-2
Abstract
Rationale:
Methamphetamine (MA) use is steadily increasing and thus constitutes a
major public health concern. Women seem to be particularly vulnerable to
developing MA use disorder, as they initiate use at a younger age and
transition more quickly to problematic use. Initial drug responses may
predict subsequent use, but little information exists on potential
gender differences in the acute effects of MA prior to dependence.
Objective:
We examined gender differences in the acute effects of MA on subjective
mood and reward-related behavior in healthy, non-dependent humans.
Methods:
Men (n = 44) and women (n = 29) completed 4 sessions in which they
received placebo or MA under double-blind conditions twice each. During
peak drug effect, participants completed the monetary incentive delay
task to assess reaction times to cues signaling potential monetary
losses or gains, in an effort to determine if MA would potentiate
reward-motivated behavior. Cardiovascular and subjective drug effects
were assessed throughout sessions.
Results: Overall, participants
responded more quickly to cues predicting incentivized trials,
particularly large-magnitude incentives, than to cues predicting no
incentive. MA produced faster reaction times in women, but not in men.
MA produced typical stimulant-like subjective and cardiovascular effects
in all participants, but subjective ratings of vigor and (reduced)
sedation were greater in women than in men.
Conclusions: Women
appear to be more sensitive to the psychomotor-related behavioral and
subjective effects of MA. These findings provide initial insight into
gender differences in acute effects of MA that may contribute to gender
differences in problematic MA use.
Keywords: Methamphetamine Monetary incentive delay Gender differences Sex differences Subjective effects Psychomotor activation
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