Due to the social desirability bias, software pirates deny it when filling surveys; 47pct actual piracy rate vs 19pct self-reported piracy rate

Liar, liar, pants on fire! Social desirability bias in software piracy research. Marton Gergely & V. Srinivasan (Chino) Rao. Behaviour & Information Technology, Jul 19 2021. https://doi.org/10.1080/0144929X.2021.1950834

Abstract: Measures of ethical behaviours in research may be subject to social desirability bias (SDB). Most behavioural aspects of software piracy research are a subset of ethical research. Few studies of software piracy have explicitly addressed the issue of SDB. In this article, the extent of SDB that may be present in software piracy is empirically assessed. This was done by comparing SDB in software piracy under three conditions using the 40-item Balanced Inventory of Desirable Responding (BIDR) scale. First, software piracy behaviour was examined in an experimental setting with actual money at stake. This allowed subject behaviour to be observed rather than inferred from self-report responses. Second, a survey was conducted to test the extent of software piracy based on subject self-report responses. Third, the extent of software piracy was also assessed based on peer-report responses (i.e.: the subject reported whether their peers would pirate). A comparison of the responses in the three conditions allows us to draw inferences about SDB in software piracy research. Self-report surveys exhibited high levels of SDB. The behaviour in the experimental condition, and responses in the peer-report survey method, did not exhibit SDB.

Keywords: Software piracyinformation system ethicsdigital mediaintellectual property theftsocial desirability bias